FailureMode
Residual current device failure
- ID
fm:residual-current-device-failure
- IRI
https://solarlattice.org/kb/fm/residual-current-device-failure
- Status
- active
- Also known as
- AFI module fault, RCD, residual current breaker
This failure means the residual current device itself is faulty, rather than a real residual current being present. Check the device with its test button: pressing it simulates a fault, so the output should then be dead. If voltage is still present after pressing the test button, wire the device correctly and switch it back on. Do not confuse it with a real residual current shutdown, which is usually caused by faulty earth cabling, often shows up during rain, and is confirmed by an insulation resistance measurement. High leakage currents can upset the residual current calculation and cause unwanted shutdowns. If an external device trips often, set the inverter's rated residual current lower.
<!-- review notes
- sentence 1: support check: partial - The AFI module fault row says a fault occurred in the breaker, which is consistent with the device itself being faulty. The passages don't explicitly contrast it with a real residual current.
- sentence 2: support check: partial - The test button simulating a fault is stated, and u13 checks for voltage at X3. The passages don't explicitly say the output should be dead, though that is implied.
- sentence 4: support check: partial - Faulty earth cabling, rainfall and an insulation measurement are stated for the real residual current shutdown. The passages don't explicitly say not to confuse it with the module fault.
- sentence 1: review: partial - The passages say the residual current breaker itself has a fault (and a test button can simulate failure), but they never contrast this with a real residual current being present.
-->
Claims
affects
c1 verified · fact
Residual current device
verified by: review-workflowverified on: 2026-10-23
detected_by
c2 verified · fact
Inverter display check
The fault is shown as a status message on the inverter web interface.
verified by: review-workflowverified on: 2026-10-23
c3 verified · fact
RCD test button check
Pressing the device's test button simulates a fault; afterwards check whether voltage is still present downstream.
verified by: review-workflowverified on: 2026-10-23
mitigated_by
c4 verified · fact
Wiring and terminal check
If voltage is still present at the output after the test button is pressed, rewire the residual-current device correctly and switch it back on.
verified by: review-workflowverified on: 2026-10-23
c5 drafted · lead
Inverter parameter adjustment
If an external residual-current device trips frequently, set the inverter's rated residual current lower so the inverter disconnects first.
review note: support check: partial - Lowering the inverter value when the device trips frequently is stated, but the passage doesn't call this a mitigation of device failure. It also describes the inverter disconnecting to prevent incorrect tripping, not 'first' as such.; review: partial - Setting the inverter value lower when the RCD trips frequently, so that the inverter disconnects and prevents incorrect tripping, is stated; but that is nuisance tripping, not a failure of the device, so calling it a mitigation of device failure…
caused_by
c6 drafted · lead
Leakage current
When leakage currents are high, the residual current cannot always be calculated accurately, and the calculation errors can cause unwanted inverter shutdowns.
review note: support check: partial - High leakage currents causing calculation errors and unwanted inverter shutdown are stated, but the passage says nothing about a residual current device failure.; review: partial - Unsupported is too harsh. The passage says high leakage currents keep the RCMU (the inverter's residual-current monitoring unit) from calculating residual current accurately, and that these errors can cause an undesired inverter shutdown. That is leakage current causing the residual-current…
distinguished_from
c7 drafted · lead
Loss of electrical insulation — told apart by Insulation resistance testing
A genuine residual-current trip usually comes from faulty earth cabling or low insulation resistance, which an insulation test confirms. A fault in the device itself is reported as a separate module-fault status.
review note: support check: partial - The residual current shutdown, with faulty earth cabling and an insulation resistance measurement, and the separate AFI module fault are stated. The passages do not say that an insulation test tells the two apart.; review: partial - The passages separate the residual-current shutdown (faulty earth cabling or low insulation, check by measuring insulation resistance) from a distinct AFI module fault status, but never say the insulation test is how the two are told apart.
Referenced by
Data