Solar Lattice

Architecture

Building-integrated PV

ID
arch:bipv
IRI
https://solarlattice.org/kb/arch/bipv
Status
active
Also known as
BIPV, Building Integrated Photovoltaics
Category
Plant type

Building-integrated PV uses PV cells, modules or modular materials as part of the building's outer surface or structure, so they also act as the building's protective skin. BIPV elements can form part of a roof, a facade, a balustrade or another part of the building envelope, and they serve both a structural role and an electricity production role. BIPV roof coverings include solar modules, shingles and panels that are held to the roof with mechanical fasteners or adhesive, and many resemble shingles or tiles that are laid alongside standard roofing. BIPV is different from building-applied PV (BAPV), where the array sits on the roof and stays clearly separate from the building envelope. Because of this, BIPV usually faces stricter requirements, and the elements may count as construction products with their own standards. Like other building-mounted PV, BIPV normally connects to the grid through the building's power connection. It must be tied into the building's existing lightning protection, surge protection, equipotential bonding and fire protection. Expect higher operating temperatures in modules, junction boxes and bypass diodes where BIPV modules are enclosed with little ventilation. The module rear sides are often hard to reach, so you may need adapted inspection methods. Where shading from nearby buildings, trees, balconies or rooftop equipment cannot be avoided, DC optimizers are often fitted to prevent hot spots. However, long-term field experience with these components at BIPV temperatures is still limited. Some BIPV products need specialized training and experience to install. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions, because not doing so can void warranties or listings.

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